Franz Joseph is also credit for starting World War I when Austro-Hungary declared war on Serbia on July 28, 1914. The contest between the two factions led to the Seven Weeks War which was won by the Prussians and Austria was excluded in the unification of Germany. Two factions immediately emerged one supporting Greater Germany and the other supporting Lesser Germany. The emperor falls in love with a beautiful young princess and takes her back to his palace such is the stuff of fairytales. However, his desire to retain the non-German Austrian Empire proved problematic. Franz Joseph and Elisabeth, the ‘perfect couple’ of the Austrian monarchy, have gone down more in the annals of popular literature than in history.
One of the main foreign policies of Franz was to unite Germany under the House of Habsburg. Soon, Austria began a recovery of its position on the international scene. With the help of the Russian troops, Franz crushed the revolution in Hungary and restored order throughout the Empire. He was also faced with renewed fighting in Italy. He also led a military campaign against Hungarians who were rebelling against Habsburg's central authority. Major ContributionsĪs a new emperor and with the help of Prime Minister Prince Schwarzenberg, Franz Joseph was able to grant a new constitution in 1849. In December 1848, Emperor Ferdinand abdicated the throne and Franz succeeded him as the new Emperor of Austria. However, Vienna again became unsafe and the court left in September for Olomouc, Moravia. Franz and the court traveled back to Vienna after Austria’s win over the Italian forces in July 1848. In June 1848, he joined his family in Innsbruck where he first met Elisabeth, who later became his wife.
While Franz was in Italy, his family flee the revolutionary Vienna to Innsbruck. Instead, he joined a military campaign in Italy. In April 1848, he was appointed the Governor of Bohemia but never took up the post. Elisabeth became the Empress of Austria when she married Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1854, and the freedom she had known was stripped away as she faced the formality of court life and the strict rules that came with her title. From then until his death, he always wore the military uniform. When Franz turned 13 years, he joined the Austrian army as a colonel. Because the emperor was not so strong-minded, Franz Joseph’s mother decided to bring up his son as the future leader and emperor, with the main focus on diligence, devotion, and responsibility. His uncle, Emperor Ferdinand, was the reigning emperor at the time. He was the firstborn son of Franz Karl (the Archduke and son of Francis II) and Archduchess Sophie. Early Lifeįranz Joseph I was born on August 18, 1830, in Vienna’s Schonbrunn Palace.
He acceded to the throne following the abdication of the throne by Emperor Ferdinand (his uncle) as a plan to end Hungary’s Revolution of 1848. Franz Joseph I is considered the longest-serving King of Hungary and Emperor of Austria and the third-ruling monarch of any country in the history of Europe. He was also the German Confederation’s president from 1850 to 1866. Francis Joseph I, popularly known as Franz Joseph I, was the King of Hungary and Bohemia, an Emperor of Austria, as well as a monarch of several other states of the Astro-Hungarian Empire from 1848 to 1916.
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